16. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

Material Contracts

The Company has two license agreements with the Regents of the University of California to maintain exclusive rights to certain patents. The Company is required to pay 1% of net sales of licensed medical devices sold to entities other than the U.S. government. In addition, the Company is required to pay 21% of consideration collected from any sub-licensee for the grant of the sub-license.

The Company entered into a research and development collaboration agreement in December 2021 with a party that develops technologies having utility in robotic exoskeletons from research and development activities associated with a specific set of government funded research projects. Since January 2022, the Company has assisted with research and development activities in exchange for access to a worldwide, royalty free, transferable, sublicensable, exclusive license to design and market products that use or incorporate the jointly developed technology within Ekso’s target market segments.

In connection with the HMC Acquisition, the Company assumed two license agreements with Vanderbilt University to maintain exclusive rights to patents on the Company's behalf.

The Vanderbilt Exoskeleton License Agreement was entered into as of October 15, 2012 and will continue until April 29, 2038, unless sooner terminated. Under this agreement, the Company is required to pay 6% of net sales of licensed patent products and 3% of net sales of licensed software products. The minimum annual royalty for licensed products is $250.

The Vanderbilt Knee License Agreement was entered into as of March 1, 2022 and will continue until February 15, 2041, unless sooner terminated. Under this agreement, the Company is required to pay 3.75% of net sales for licensed patent products and the minimum annual royalty is $75 due on or before July 31, 2028 and $100 per year thereafter.

The Company also entered into transitional use agreements with Parker granting the Company access to certain information technology systems and shared services relating to manufacturing facilities in Macedonia, Ohio for twelve months following the date of the acquisition. As consideration for access to these resources, the Company was required to make monthly payments of $20. The Company and Parker agreed to extend this agreement for one additional month, through December 31, 2023, at which point all technology resources had been transitioned and therefore this payment is no longer required. In addition to and in conjunction with the transitional services agreement, the Company entered into a transitional manufacturing agreement that provides the Company additional time to use Parker's certification in the European Union relating to the acquired assets while the Company continues the application process for its own certification. This agreement relatedly extends the Company's ability to use Parker's Ohio facility during the pendency of such application process, which is not anticipated to go beyond May 2024, which is 18 months from the date of the acquisition. As consideration for the use of the facility beyond the initial 12 months, the Company will be required to make monthly payments of $3 for each of the additional six months.

Purchase Obligations

The Company purchases components from a variety of suppliers and uses contract manufacturers to provide manufacturing services for its products. Purchase obligations are defined as agreements that are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction.

The Company had purchase obligations primarily for purchases of inventory and manufacturing related service contracts totaling $2,783 as of December 31, 2023, which are expected to be paid within one year. Timing of payments and actual amounts paid may be different depending on the time of receipt of goods or services or changes to agreed-upon amounts for some obligations. 

The Company has operating lease commitments totaling $1,216 payable over 35 months related to the San Rafael, California and Hamburg, Germany leases disclosed in Note 11. Lease Obligations.

Other Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes the Company's outstanding contractual obligations, including interest payments, as of December 31, 2023 and the effect those obligations are expected to have on its liquidity and cash flows in future periods:

Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to various legal matters. In the opinion of management, the resolution of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.